You can also use the chown command with the -r switch for it to doe recursive searches down into directories to change permissions. rw-r-r- 1 testuser users 0 Nov 17 22:14 test.txt rw-r-r- 1 root root 0 Nov 17 22:14 test.txt In the next example we change the ownership of the file named text.txt from being owned by user root and group root to being owned by user testuser in the group users: The first argument is the desired username and group ownership for the file separated by a colon (:) followed by the filename. You can change the ownership of a file with the chown command. Use the groups command with the username as the argument. How to Tell the Groups to Which a User Belongs The data in a user's directory can often be important even after the person has left your company. There is also an optional -r switch that additionally removes all the contents of the user's home directory. The command has a single argument, the username. The userdel command is used to remove the user's record from the /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow used in the login process. Please use a combination of upper and lower case letters and numbers. Here is how unprivileged user paul would change his own password.Įnter the new password (minimum of 5, maximum of 8 characters) Users might wish to change their passwords at a future date.Passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. ![]() User root changing the password for user paul.You are prompted once for your old password and twice for the new one. You need to create passwords for each account. The directory name will be the same as their user name.ĭrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Jul 24 20:04 lost+foundĭrwx- 2 accounts soho 1024 Jul 24 20:33 accountsĭrwx- 2 alice children 1024 Jul 24 20:33 aliceĭrwx- 2 derek children 1024 Jul 24 20:33 derekĭrwx- 2 jane parents 1024 Jul 24 20:33 janeĭrwx- 2 paul parents 1024 Jul 24 20:33 paulĭrwx- 2 sales soho 1024 Jul 24 20:33 sales When each new user first logs in, they are prompted for their new permanent password.Ĥ) Each user's personal directory is placed in the /home directory. If you don't specify the group with the -g, RedHat/Fedora Linux creates a group with the same name as the user you just created this is also known as the User Private Group Scheme. tmp]# groupadd childrenģ) Add the Linux users and assign them to their respective groups In this example there are three groups "parents", "children" and "soho". The primary user can become the root user using the sudo su - command that will be discussed later.Īdding users takes some planning read through these steps below before starting:ġ) Arrange your list of users into groups by function. A root user is created but no password is set, so you initially cannot log in as this user. You will need to log in as user root to add new users to your Linux server.ĭebian Note: When installing Ubuntu Linux systems, you are prompted to create a primary user that is not root. This user has a user ID, of 0 which is universally identified by Linux applications as belonging to a user with supreme privileges. The super user with unrestricted access to all system resources and files in Linux is the user named root. You can use the command man useradd to get the help pages on adding users with the useradd command or the man usermod to become more familiar with modifying users with the usermod command. It is not intended to be comprehensive, but is a good memory refresher. Here you'll find some simple examples to provide a foundation for future chapters. One of the most important activities in administering a Linux box is the addition of users. 5.5 Using syslog To Track All sudo Commandsīefore we proceed, it would be best to cover some basic user administration topics that will be very useful in later chapters.5.4.5 Using Aliases in the sudoers File.5.4.4 Granting Access Without Needing Passwords.5.4.3 Granting Access to Specific Files as Another User.5.4.2 Granting Access To Specific Users To Specific Files.5.4.1 Granting All Access to Specific Users.5.3.1 Table 9-1 Format of the /etc/sudoers File.5.2 Downloading and Installing the sudo Package.5.1.2 Becoming root for a Complete Login Session.5.1.1 Temporarily Gaining root Privileges. ![]() ![]()
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